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ADHD and Anxiety Medication People with ADHD often have co-occurring anxiety disorders. Anxiety can cause restlessness, anxiety, and insomnia. The use of stimulants can ease these symptoms However, they can cause side effects such as small growth reductions and tics in adolescents and children. Some people also notice that their anxiety levels increase when they are taking stimulant medication. Stimulants Stimulants are used to treat ADHD and Narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. They can be found in tablets, capsules, chunky clear crystals or a white or brown powder. The use of large doses can result in over-stimulation, resulting in anxiety, panic, stomach cramps, aggression and paranoia. Long-term use of stimulants may cause addiction and serious side effects, such as heart problems, high blood pressure and stroke. These medications are also proven to reduce anxiety symptoms. They improve the supply of brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine that are generally less in people suffering from ADHD. This boosts the activity and communication of parts of the brain that control executive and attention functions. This results in increased impulse control and anxiety symptoms decrease. Both atomoxetine (as as well as methylphenidate) reduce anxiety symptoms in adults with ADHD who also suffer from anxiety disorders. Both drugs improved anxiety symptoms beginning as early as the 4th week of treatment. The effect lasted for 8 weeks. It is important to note that the kind of medication that is most effective in treating anxiety and ADHD symptoms that co-occur could depend on which of the conditions has more impact on the quality of life of an individual. One may experience numerous minor crises that create anxiety in a regular manner as they rush to make appointments or keep up with assignments at school or at work. These are stressful and can cause anxiety more frequently than the symptoms of a panic attack or phobia. In these cases it may be beneficial to treat anxiety-related symptoms with antidepressants or SSRIs that have been proven to be effective in reducing anxiety levels in adults. These are taken orally, and can take a long time to take effect. The most commonly used options are selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), such as Sertraline, Fluoxetine and serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitions (SNRIs) like duloxetine and venlafaxine. These are often taken alongside cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety, and are particularly useful if the patient experiences an elevated heart rate or blood pressure. add adhd medication , which are antidepressants, are often used to treat anxiety disorders. The prototype drug in this class is fluoxetine, better known as Prozac. The SSRIs are also able to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. These medications are more flexible than previous generation antidepressants, and they have fewer and less serious side effects. The SSRIs inhibit the reuptake serotonin at synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter remain active in the synapse, and to signal the post-synaptic cell for more times than would otherwise occur. This can increase the output of norepinephrine and reduce anxiety. It can also increase the levels of neuronal cyclicAMP (cAMP) which can stimulate protein synthesis. They also decrease the impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can also improve sleep quality and decrease agitation in people with ADHD. However, these medications can increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts and behavior in certain individuals. They may also cause an increase in appetite and weight gain, particularly when they first begin. Another type of antidepressant, called SNRIs, works differently than SSRIs. SNRIs block the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine. Similar to SSRIs, they can affect anxiety, but they also improve the functioning of the heart muscle and blood vessels, which can decrease anxiety and stress. Some adults with bipolar disorder can also benefit from their use. The most popular SNRIs are duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR) and desvenlafaxine (Khedezla, Pristiq). The SNRIs can raise blood pressure in some people, so they should not be used by anyone with high blood pressure or heart disease. There are a variety of behavioral treatments for anxiety and ADHD that can be employed in conjunction with medication. Meditation and mindfulness techniques can reduce stress and anxiety. Some people find tapping specific body parts, or Emotional Freedom techniques, helps lower cortisol, the hormone that causes anxiety. Exercise and diet can reduce anxiety. Your doctor may recommend that you consume whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and to avoid sugar, as it can increase anxiety for some ADHD children and adults. Non-stimulant-based medications Although stimulants are extremely effective in treating ADHD and have been studied extensively, they are not always the best choice for individuals who suffer from anxiety and ADHD. The stimulant drugs can cause side effects like jitteriness, rapid heart rate, and nervousness that may be similar to or worsen anxiety symptoms. Non-stimulant drugs are a more recent option that has been used to treat ADHD since 2002 (under the brand name Strattera). They don't increase heart rate or blood pressure, and are less likely than stimulant drugs to cause anxiety-related adverse reactions such as shaking, sweating or nervousness. Atomoxetine targets receptors for norepinephrine. It is a brain chemical that can enhance concentration and decrease hyperactivity and impulsivity. It has also been shown to alleviate anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD. Researchers gathered articles on clinical research from PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO to determine whether atomoxetine helped reduce anxiety in children and adolescents with ADHD. Bupropion is another drug that can ease anxiety symptoms. It is a brain chemical dopamine. Bupropion is often advised for people who suffer from co-existing depression and ADHD. It can also improve mood and decrease symptoms of anxiety. It is often best to treat anxiety first before tackling ADHD. This will typically help to alleviate the symptoms of anxiety. In certain cases anxiety symptoms in ADHD children can be the source of their anxiety. Psychostimulants and cognitive-behavioral therapy are usually the most effective methods to treat anxiety in this scenario. These treatments can reduce ADHD symptoms and anxiety by addressing the root cause of the issue. Antidepressants are often prescribed to people with co-existing ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants, that target serotonin, a brain chemical, can help to relieve anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft Lexapro, and Sertraline. Your doctor will ultimately decide what medication is right for you. Before recommending a medication they will take into consideration your symptoms, lifestyle and age, in addition to other health conditions. It is essential to discuss with your doctor about your goals for treatment and adhere to a regular schedule when taking any medication. Other options Depending on your unique health goals, there are a variety of treatments that could be beneficial in managing ADHD and anxiety. These include mindfulness meditation and yoga (Emotional Freedom techniques), tapping and sleeping nutrition, exercise and healthy eating habits. People who are anxious are more likely to suffer from symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder according to Dr. Hallowell says, which makes it difficult to treat both conditions at the same time. He typically prescribes stimulants to address ADHD before turning to non-stimulant drugs like bupropion, atomoxetine, or guanfacine to treat anxiety disorders. These work around the clock and are not controlled substances like stimulants.